《周易》古經中「床」的隱喻——兼議《周易》卦爻辭是否有主題

《周易》古經中「床」的隱喻——兼議《周易》卦爻辭是否有主題

萬燈

（株洲人才集團，湖南 株洲 412002）

摘 要：《周易》中的隱喻無處不在，古人稱之為「象」。古今注疏對這些「象」的理解多有可商榷之處，以《周易》中的「床」為例，它並非今天用於睡覺的床。先秦時期古人席地而跪坐，「床」作為一種抬高的坐具，在社交禮儀中具有特殊的時代意義。在《周易》所處的時代，「床」是尊者的坐具，是身份地位的象徵。據此理解，《剝》卦中的「剝床」當為「革職」——剝奪爵位使其失去身份地位的隱喻，《剝》卦的主題即在於講吏治。

關鍵詞：周易；床；隱喻；主題

TheMetaphor of “Chuang” (Bed)in the Ancient Classic oftheZhouyi —With a Discussion on WhethertheHexagramandLine Texts ofthe Zhouyi Have Themes

WAN Deng

(Zhuzhou Talent Development Group Co.,Ltd, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412002)

Abstract: Metaphors abound throughout the Zhouyi, which the ancients termed “images” (xiang). Interpreting these“images” has sparked considerable debate in commentaries throughout history. Taking the “bed” (chuang) in the Zhouyi as an example, it does not refer to the beds we sleep on today. In pre-Qin times, people typically knelt on the ground while seated; as an elevated seat, the “bed” held special significance in the social etiquette of that era. In the age of the Zhouyi, the “bed” was the seat of the honored and a symbol of status. Interpreted thus, the “stripping of the bed” (bo chuang) in the hexagram Bo (Stripping) should be understood as “dismissal from office”—a metaphor for stripping away rank and thereby depriving one of status. The theme of the hexagram Bo thus addresses the governance and conduct of officials. 

Key words: Zhouyi; bed (chuang); metaphor; theme

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